Saturday, October 18, 2014

संक्षिप्त लक्ष्मी पूजन विधि...! How to Worship Lakshmi by yourself ..!!

।।ॐ।। 

। । श्रीयंत्र। ।
श्रीसूक्तम् द्वारा लक्ष्मी पूजन हेतु 

               प्रतिदिन हमलोग अपने ईष्टदेवता, पंचदेवता, कुलदेवता एवं अन्य देवों का पूजन तो करते ही हैं। किन्तु कुछ अवसरों पर विशेष देवी/देवता का  कुछ विशेष पूजन करने की इच्छा होती है और करना भी चाहिए। दीपावली ऐसा ही एक अवसर है जिसमे माँ लक्ष्मी का विशेष पूजन किया जाता है। हर व्यक्ति माँ लक्ष्मी को प्रसन्न करना चाहता है ताकि उसके घर में सुख एवं समृद्धि आये एवं बनी रहे। माँ लक्ष्मी की विस्तृत पूजा तो जानकार पंडित से करानी चाहिए किन्तु इन विशेष अवसरों पर जानकार पंडित जी की मांग ज्यादा होती है और बड़ी कठिनाई से मिलते हैं। ऐसे में स्वयं ही निष्ठापूर्वक संक्षिप्त विधि से लक्ष्मी पूजन करना उचित है। "श्री सूक्त" से माँ लक्ष्मी का पूजन विशेष महत्व रखता है। "श्री सूक्त" का उल्लेख प्राचीन ऋग्वेद में है। विधि इस प्रकार है :-

               दीपावली पर मिट्टी अथवा पीतल के गणेश - लक्ष्मी का पूजन करने का विधान है। यदि पिछले  वर्ष मिट्टी के  गणेश - लक्ष्मी का पूजन किया गया हो तो इस वर्ष इन्हें श्रद्धापूर्वक प्रवाहित कर दें तथा नए गणेश - लक्ष्मी का पूजन करें।सपत्नीक निराहार अथवा फलाहार रहने के उपरांत स्नान कर नए वस्त्र  धारण करें। सज्जा के बाद सपत्नीक शुद्ध आसन पर पूजा स्थान के पास बैठें। माथे पर तिलक लगाएं। निम्न तीन नामों का उच्चारण करके तीन बार ही आचमन करें :-

ॐ केशवाय नमः    ॐ नारायणाय नमः    ॐ माधवाय नमः। 

              थोड़ा जल ले कर हाथ धो लें। फिर कुश या  स्वर्ण/रजत अंगूठी पर जल छिड़क कर  दाहिने हाथ की अनामिका में "पवित्रेस्थो वैष्णव्यौ" बोलते हुए धारण करें। हाथ में जल ले कर इस मन्त्र  को पढ़ें :-

"ॐ अपवित्रः पवित्रो वा सर्वावस्थां गतोअपि वा। 

  यः स्मरेत् पुण्डरीकाक्षं स बाह्याभ्यन्तरः शुचिः।।"

                अब हाथ के जल को स्वयं एवं पूजा सामग्री पर यह बोलते हुए छिड़कें - 

"ॐ पुण्डरीकाक्षः पुनातु,  ॐ पुण्डरीकाक्षः पुनातु, ॐ पुण्डरीकाक्षः पुनातु" । 

             सर्वप्रथम प्रथम पूज्य गणेश का पूजन करें। फिर दाहिने हाथ में लाल पुष्प, अक्षत और जल ले कर स्थान एवं काल का स्मरण करते हुए यूँ संकल्प करें  - "मम श्रुति-स्मृति-पुराणोक्त फल प्राप्त्यर्थं दीर्घायु आरोग्य पुत्र पौत्र धन धान्यादि  समृद्धयर्थं  श्रीमहालक्ष्मीदेव्याः प्रीत्यर्थं लक्ष्मी पूजन करिष्ये।"

            श्रीलक्ष्मीजी का ध्यान करते हुए निम्न श्लोक पढ़ें :-
या  सा  पद्मासनस्था   विपुलकटितटी पद्मपत्रायताक्षी 
गम्भीरावर्तनाभि   स्तनभरनमिता     शुभ्र   वस्त्रोत्तरीया 
लक्ष्मीर्दिव्यैर्गजेन्द्रर्मणि गणखचितैः स्नापिता हेमकुम्भै-
र्नित्यं सा  पद्महस्ता मम् वसतु गृहे सर्वमांगल्ययुक्ता।।

           तत्पश्चात श्रीलक्ष्मीजी का षोडशोपचार से निम्नवत पूजन करें। यथा सामर्थ्य सामग्रियों  को पहले से ही एकत्रित कर लें। जिस सामग्री का प्रबंध न हो सके उसे मन में ही कल्पना करते हुए देवी को अर्पित करें। 

। आवाहन । 

ॐ  हिरण्यवर्णां   हरिणीं   सुवर्णरजतस्त्रजाम् । 

चन्द्रां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो म आ वह।।१।।

 (इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी का आवाहन करें)


। आसन । 
ॐ तां म आ वह जातवेदो लक्ष्मी मनपगामिनीम् । 
यस्यां  हिरण्यं विन्देयं   गामश्वं  पुरुषानहम् ।।२।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को आसन समर्पित करें)

। पाद्य  । 
ॐ  अश्वपूर्वां रथमध्यां हस्तिनादप्रमोदिनीम् । 
श्रियं  देवीमुप  ह्वये  श्रीर्मा देवी जुषताम् ।।३।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को पाद्य समर्पित करें)

। अर्घ्य । 
ॐ  कां सोस्मितां हिरण्यप्राकारामार्दां ज्वलन्तीं तृप्तां तर्पयन्तीम् । 
पद्मे    स्थितां    पद्मवर्णां    तमिहोप     ह्वये     श्रियम्   ।।४।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को अर्घ्य समर्पित करें)

। आचमन । 
ॐ  चन्द्रां प्रभासां यशसा ज्वलन्तीं श्रियं लोके देवजुष्टामुदराम्   । 
तां पद्मिनीम् शरणं प्र पद्मे अलक्ष्मीर्मे नश्यतां त्वां वृणे ।।५।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को आचमन करायें। पंचामृत से स्नान करायें।)

। स्नान । 
ॐ  आदित्यवर्णे तपसो अधि जातो वनस्पतिस्त्व वृक्षो अथ बिल्वः । 
तस्य फलानि तपसा नुदन्तु या अन्तरा याश्च बाह्या अलक्ष्मी ।।६।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को स्नान करायें। पंचोपचार से पूजन कर "श्रीसूक्त" के १६ मन्त्रों से लक्ष्मीजी का अभिषेक करें।ये षोडशोपचार के सोलह मन्त्र "श्रीसूक्त" के १६ मन्त्र ही हैं। फिर भी अंत में श्रीसूक्त के मन्त्र एक जगह दिए गए हैं )

। वस्त्र । 
ॐ    उपैतु    मां   देवसखः       कीर्तिश्च   मणिना   सह  । 
प्रादुर्भूतोअस्मि राष्ट्रेअस्मिन् कीर्तिमृद्धिं ददातु मे ।।७।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को वस्त्र चढ़ाएं।)

। उपवस्त्र । 
ॐ क्षुत्पिपासामलाम् ज्येष्ठामलक्ष्मीं नाशयाम्यहम्  । 
अभूतिम   समृद्धिं   च  सर्वां  निर्णुद  मे  गृहात्  ।।८।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को कंचुकी (चोली) चढ़ाएं ।)

। गंध। 
ॐ गन्धद्वारां दुराधर्षां नित्य पुष्टां करीषिणीम् । 
ईश्वरीं  सर्वभूतानां  तमिहोप  ह्वये  श्रियम् ।।९।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को चन्दन चढ़ाएं।)


। सौभाग्यद्रव्य । 
ॐ मनसः काममाकूतिं वाचः सत्यमशीमहि  । 
पशूनां रूपमन्नस्य मयि श्रीः श्रयतां यशः ।।१०।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को सौभाग्यद्रव्य, सिन्दूर आदि चढ़ाएं ।)

। पुष्प । 
ॐ   कर्दमेन   प्रजाभूता   मयि   संभव   कर्दम  । 
श्रियं वासय मे कुले मातरं पद्ममालिनीम्  ।।११।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को पुष्प चढ़ाएं ।)

। धूप। 
ॐ आपः सृजन्तु स्निग्धानि चिक्लीत वस मे गृहे । 
नि  च  देवी  मातरं   श्रियं   वासय   मे   कुले  ।।१२।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को धूप दिखाएँ ।)

। दीप । 
ॐ आर्द्रां पुष्करिणीं पुष्टिं पिंगलां पद्ममालिनीम्  । 
चन्द्रां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो मा आ वह  ।।१३।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को दीप दिखाएँ ।)

। नैवैद्य । 
ॐ आर्द्रां  यः  करिणीं यष्टिं सुवर्णां हेममालिनीम्  । 
सूर्यां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो मा आ वह   ।।१४।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को नैवैद्य चढ़ाएं ।)

। दक्षिणा । 
ॐ    तां     म    आ     वह     जातवेदो     लक्ष्मी   मनपगामिनीम्  । 
यस्यां हिरण्यं प्रभूतं गावो दास्यो अश्वान् विन्देयं पुरुषानहम्।।१५।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को दक्षिणा, आरती एवं पुष्पांजलि करें।)

। नमस्कार । 
ॐ  यः  शुचिः प्रयतोभूत्वा जुहुयादाज्यमन्वहम्। 
सूक्तं पंचदशर्चं च श्रीकामः सततं जपेत्   ।।१६।। 
(इस मन्त्र से लक्ष्मीजी को नमस्कार करें।)

...... 
घी एवं कर्पूर के दीप से आरती करें
आरती 

ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता, मैया जय लक्ष्मी माता।
तुमको निशदिन सेवत,     हर विष्णु धाता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
उमा, रमा, ब्रह्माणी,         तुम ही जग माता।
सूर्य - चन्द्रमा ध्यावत,     नारद ऋषि गाता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
दुर्गा रूप निरंजनि,    सुख - सम्पति - दाता।
जो कोई तुमको ध्यावत, रिद्धि-सिद्धि धन पाता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
तुम पाताल निवासिनी,    तुम ही शुभ दाता।
कर्म-प्रभाव प्रकाशिनि, भवनिधि की त्राता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
जिस घर में तुम रहती, तहँ सब सदगुण आता।
सब सम्भव हो जाता,       मन नहीं घबराता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
तुम बिन यज्ञ न होते,       बरत न हो पाता।
खान - पान का वैभव,   सब तुमसे आता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
शुभ - गुण - मंदिर सुन्दर, क्षीरोदधि - जाता।
रतन चतुर्दश तुम बिन,      कोई नहीं पाता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
महालक्ष्मीजी की आरती, जो कोई जान गाता।
उर आनन्द समाता,         पाप उतर जाता।।
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता।
-----


पूजा उपरांत इस प्रकार क्षमा प्रार्थना करें :-
। क्षमा प्रार्थना  । 
आवाहनं न जानामि   न जानामि विसर्जनम् । 
पूजां चैव  न जानामि क्षमस्व परमेश्वरि।।१।।
मन्त्रहीनं   क्रियाहीनं     भक्तिहीनं   सुरेश्वरि। 
यत्पूजितं  मया  देवी   परिपूर्णं तदस्तु मे।।२।। 
कर्मणा  मनसा  वाचा   पूजनं  यन्मया  कृतम्। 
तेन  तुष्टिं समासाद्य  प्रसीद  परमेश्वरि।।३।। 
पापो अहं पापकर्मा अहं  पापात्मा पापसम्भवः। 
पाहि  मां   सर्वदा मातः   सर्वपापहरा  भव।।४।।

(अंत मे नारायण को  इस मन्त्र से प्रणाम करें।)
   यस्य स्मृता च नमोक्त्या तपो यज्ञ क्रियादिषु।   
न्यूनं सम्पूर्णतां याति सद्यो वन्दे तमच्युतम्।

ॐ विष्णवे नमः। ॐ विष्णवे नमः। ॐ विष्णवे नमः। 

-----------------------
।।श्रीसूक्तम्।।

ॐ हिरण्यवर्णां     हरिणीं     सुवर्णरजतस्त्रजाम् । 

चन्द्रां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो म आ वह।।१।।


तां म आ वह जातवेदो लक्ष्मी मनपगामिनीम् । 
यस्यां हिरण्यं विन्देयं गामश्वं पुरुषानहम् ।।२।। 

अश्वपूर्वां   रथमध्यां   हस्तिनादप्रमोदिनीम् । 
श्रियं  देवीमुप  ह्वये  श्रीर्मा देवी जुषताम् ।।३।। 

कां   सोस्मितां   हिरण्यप्राकारामार्दां   ज्वलन्तीं तृप्तां तर्पयन्तीम् । 
पद्मे     स्थितां     पद्मवर्णां     तमिहोप     ह्वये     श्रियम्   ।।४।। 

चन्द्रां  प्रभासां  यशसा ज्वलन्तीं श्रियं लोके देवजुष्टामुदराम्   । 
तां पद्मिनीम् शरणं प्र पद्मे अलक्ष्मीर्मे नश्यतां त्वां वृणे ।।५।। 
आदित्यवर्णे   तपसो  अधि   जातो  वनस्पतिस्त्व वृक्षो अथ बिल्वः । 
तस्य फलानि तपसा नुदन्तु या अन्तरा याश्च बाह्या अलक्ष्मी ।।६।। 
उपैतु    मां     देवसखः       कीर्तिश्च     मणिना     सह  । 
प्रादुर्भूतोअस्मि राष्ट्रेअस्मिन् कीर्तिमृद्धिं ददातु मे ।।७।। 
क्षुत्पिपासामलाम्   ज्येष्ठामलक्ष्मीं    नाशयाम्यहम्  । 
अभूतिम   समृद्धिं   च  सर्वां  निर्णुद  मे  गृहात्  ।।८।। 
गन्धद्वारां   दुराधर्षां   नित्य  पुष्टां करीषिणीम् । 
ईश्वरीं  सर्वभूतानां  तमिहोप  ह्वये  श्रियम् ।।९।। 
मनसः   काममाकूतिं   वाचः   सत्यमशीमहि  । 
पशूनां रूपमन्नस्य मयि श्रीः श्रयतां यशः ।।१०।। 
कर्दमेन     प्रजाभूता     मयि     संभव     कर्दम  । 
श्रियं वासय मे कुले मातरं पद्ममालिनीम्  ।।११।। 
आपः  सृजन्तु  स्निग्धानि   चिक्लीत   वस   मे गृहे । 
नि  च  देवी  मातरं   श्रियं   वासय   मे   कुले  ।।१२।। 
आर्द्रां  पुष्करिणीं  पुष्टिं   पिंगलां  पद्ममालिनीम्  । 
चन्द्रां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो मा आ वह  ।।१३।। 
आर्द्रां    यः  करिणीं   यष्टिं   सुवर्णां हेममालिनीम्  । 
सूर्यां हिरण्मयीं लक्ष्मीं जातवेदो मा आ वह   ।।१४।। 


तां      म     आ      वह      जातवेदो      लक्ष्मी     मनपगामिनीम्  । 
यस्यां हिरण्यं प्रभूतं गावो दास्यो अश्वान् विन्देयं पुरुषानहम्।।१५।। 
यः   शुचिः  प्रयतोभूत्वा      जुहुयादाज्यमन्वहम्। 
सूक्तं पंचदशर्चं च श्रीकामः सततं जपेत्   ।।१६।।

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Sunday, October 12, 2014

Common misbeliefs about Hindu Gods ... !!

White Shiva (From Google)


         I have noted some common misbeliefs in public (context: Hindu Gods) that appear in images or idols of Gods. Following are some of them:--
1. The color of God Shiva
           In most of the pictures of the God Shiva, I have seen his body color as blue (साँवला) but the actual color of Shiva is white. He is so white that poets have compared his color with that of “Kund” (कुंद) flower and moon. “Kund” is a white flower which is a standard of whiteness in Sanskrit literature whenever a comparison is done - just as in English we compare it with snow. Here is what Tulsidas says in 'Ramcharit Manas',

।। कुंद इंदु सम देह उमा रमन करुना अयन ,
 जाहि दीन पर नेह करउ किरपा मर्दन मयन ।। 

( Whose body is like 'Kund' flower and 'Indu' (moon), who loves 'Uma', is compassionate and has affection for humble beings, May that destroyer of 'Kamadeva' - ie. God Shiva be pleased upon us)

            It has been said at another place too. See this prayer,
यस्यांके च विभाति भूधरसुता देवापगा मस्तके
  भाले बालविधुर्गले च गरलं यस्योरसि व्यालराट् 
  सो अयं भूतिविभूषणः सुरवरः सर्वाधिपः सर्वदा
 शर्वः सर्वगतः शिवः शशिनिभः श्रीशंकरः पातु माम् |

(That God Shree Shankar in whose arms is 'Parvathi', River Ganga on the head, the moon of 2nd day on the forehead, deadly venom in the throat, King of snakes in the neck - so decorated God of gods, master of everyone, remains in all times (Past, future and present), the destroyer, the healer, having a color of the moon - May he save us.)


        So here also the color of Shiva is described as white as the moon. Maybe some people think that due to drinking the terrible venom "Halahal" (हलाहल) his color changed to blue as an aftereffect. But that is not true because he did not take "Halahal" fully inside. Mythology says that Shiva put that venom in the throat and it resulted in turning his throat blue. That is why Shiva also got a name as "Neelkanth" (नीलकंठ).
2. What is the color of horses of Sun God 

        Most people think that the color of the horses of Sun God (सूर्य देवता) is white. That is why most artists who draw/print or make idols of the Sun God with his chariot color the horses white. Now let us see what the poet 'Walmiki' (वाल्मीकि) says about it in 'Ramayana'(रामायण). At the time of the war of 'Rama'(राम) vs 'Ravana' (रावण), 'Rishi Agastya' (अगस्त्य ऋषि) came to 'Ram' and asked him to pray to Sun God before he goes for it. This part of the story is named as 'Adityahrudayam Stotram' (आदित्यहृदयम्). One of the verses is thus,
 हरिदश्वः सहस्त्रार्चिः सप्तसप्तिर्मरीचिमान्  |
 तिमिरोन्मथनः शम्भुस्त्वष्टा मार्तण्ड अंशुमान्  ||
(He has green horses, thousands of rays, seven horse chariot, destroyer of darkness, source of happiness, destroyer of sufferings of his devotee and full of life-giving light.) 
      So here we find that the color of these horses is green. Some people say that seven horses have seven different colors as in a rainbow. Their thought may be due to modern findings in science that sunlight has seven colors that we see in a rainbow but I have not found it in any ancient book. If anyone knows please enlighten me.


3. Who is Santoshi Mata

      It is said that Goddess Santoshi Mata is the daughter of God Ganesha. But nowhere in ancient Hindu literature, this fact is found. Very few people knew her before 1975. Those who knew were mostly women and knew through word of mouth. They performed 16-Friday 'Vrat' of 'Santoshi Mata'. Then came a Bollywood movie named "Jai Santoshi Mata" in 1975. This low-budget film proved a milestone in its own way as was the movie "Sholay". On the insistence of the wife of director Vijay Sharma to spread the message of Goddess this film was made. Even though they did not expect its bumper success the film became phenomenal in the emergence and making popular of a lesser-known Goddess. Many temples in different cities across India emerged, the songs of the movie were being listened to with reverence like a "Bhajan" and 16-Friday 'Vrat' became even more popular. As the followers increased in number the priests in temples gave place for her idols as it was a source of more income. This is an example of the power of audiovisual/print media. Nowadays the popularity of "Santoshi Mata" (संतोषी माता) is not as it was then. Since then, the popularity of some other gods has increased. Two of them are "Sai Baba" (साईं बाबा) and "Shani Maharaj" (शनि महाराज). Now almost every city in India has separate temples of these two gods and many temples have added idols of these Gods.
4. 'Kartikeya' is a son of 'Shiva' or 'Agnideva'?

         We know that 'Kartikeya' is the elder son of 'Mahadeva'. Even "Ram Charit Manas" by Tulsidas says so. But "Ramayana" by Valmiki has some confusing details about the birth of 'Kartikeya'. It says that after marriage 'Mahadeva' was enjoying with 'Parvati' for 500 years (By God's scale) and Gods feared that the "Teja" of 'Mahadeva' may destroy the three "Lokas". So they requested "Mahadeva" to control his "Teja". 'Mahadeva' accepted it but asked the Gods, "Where should I put the "Teja" that has already come out?". Gods suggested putting it on the earth (Prithvi) and he did so. But the earth could not bear its intensity. Then Gods told "Agnideva" and "Vayudeva" to enter in this "Teja" of Shiva. After they entered it became a white mountain-like thing and then changed to a divine forest of "Sarpat" from which God "Kartikeya" emerged like brilliant fire. 
         Next, all the Gods went to Shiva-Parvati and prayed to them but Parvati became angry and said that this action of the Gods was not fair to her and that the earth had helped the Gods in doing so. "Parvati" cursed the Gods that they would never get children from their wives and the earth (Prithvi) would have many "Patis" (Husbands or owners). After that Shiva-Parvati went to the north for "Tapasya". Now the Gods went to "Brahma" for relief but he said that the curse of "Parvati" cannot be undone. But "Agnideva" may have a son from "Ganga" who will be commander of "Devatas" (Gods). So "Ganga" conceived from "Agnideva" but she could not hold the "Teja" of "Agnideva", She put it in the Himalayas with the consent of "Agnideva". That place became divine and all the precious and useful metals like gold, silver, copper, iron, etc came into existence there from the effect of that "Teja". From that also emerged a child with six heads. The Gods appointed six "Kruttikas" to feed the child their milk. The child sucked the milk of six "Kruttikas" with his six mouths and only in one day he became so powerful that he defeated the army of Demons. The child was named "Kartikeya" or "Skanda" and appointed as commander of Gods.
           So two different and confusing stories.  
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Friday, October 10, 2014

Why should we worship Goddess "Durga" ... माँ दुर्गा की आराधना क्यों जरुरी है ?

हिंदी में पढ़ने के लिए क्लिक करें

        Goddess "Durga" is "Aadishakti" (आदिशक्ति) means Original Power. Every person in this world or other requires the power to do work of any type. May the person be human, God, demon, or any creature. And the work may be constructive or destructive. This power and energy have many forms. Some forms are as we know in physics. But we see in our daily life that there are other forms of power too, for example - Power of wealth, power of body strength, political power, power of spirituality, power of love, etc. In our life we practically follow many persons holding power, we have to. We aspire for power, we want to hold power. In fact knowingly or unknowingly we worship power whatever be our religion. In 'Sanatan Hindu' religion the power in every creature, human, God, or even in demons are manifestations of the Original Power called "Durga" or "Aadishakti" (आदिशक्ति). The "Tridev" who create, maintain, and destroy this universe, hold vast powers. Their power or 'शक्ति' has special names. The power of Brahma is 'Brahmani' (ब्रह्माणी), the power of Vishnu is 'Vaishnavi' (वैष्णवी) and that of Shiva is 'Shambhavi' (शाम्भवी) ie 'Parvathi'. All these Gods and others are worshiped because they have these powers and they can fulfill the desires of their followers. So in the root is this "Aadishakti" (आदिशक्ति) who is also called "Durga". The God of Gods ie. 'Shiva' (Mahadev) is so powerful but it is said that without "शक्ति" 'Shiva' is "Shav"(शव -lifeless). The worshipers of power (ie. शक्ति) are called "Shaakt" (शाक्त). Once "Durga" killed a very terrible demon called "Durg" (दुर्ग) so got named as "Durga" (दुर्गा). It is said that when "Durga" (दुर्गा) is pleased She can give "ज्ञान" (True knowledge), "मोक्ष" (emancipation) "स्वर्ग" (Heaven), or even worldly desires to her followers ("भक्त"). The best way to please her is by reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptashati" as per rules. "Durga Saptashati" (दुर्गा सप्तशती) is a religious book that contains seven hundred verses devoted to Mother Durga. There is a description in this holy book how two persons 'Surath' -( a Kshatriya king) and 'Samadhi' - (a vaishya rich man) both devoid of powers ('Surath' devoid of state power and 'Samadhi' devoid of wealth power) went to the forest and found a "Muni" with his disciples. They asked the "Muni" some ways to get out of their distress "विपत्ति". The "Muni" advised them to go in the protection ("शरण") of Goddess "Durga", pray Her, because when She is pleased She can give "ज्ञान" (True knowledge), "मोक्ष" (emancipation) and "स्वर्ग" (Heaven) or anything. (तामुपैहि महाराज शरणं परमेश्वरीम्, आराधिता सैव नृणां भोगस्वर्गापवर्गदा ). Both of them did as the "Muni" had told and the Goddess being pleased gave them boons. Samadhi the vaishya got the boon of "ज्ञान" (True knowledge) and "मोक्ष" (emancipation) while Surath the Kshatriya got the boon of continuous state power in this life and for the next life, he will be the "Manu" of the next 'Manvantara' named 'Savarni'.

Durga Saptasati - The Holy Book



           In "Durga Saptashati" (दुर्गा सप्तशती) there is a description of Goddess saving Gods from 'asuras' (असुर) many times. A total of seven hundred verses are placed in three "Charitras" (चरित्र) -
1. First "Charitra" ie. प्रथम चरित्र - It has only one chapter
2. Middle "Charitra" ie.मध्य चरित्र-It has three chapters.
3. Last "Charitra" ie.उत्तर चरित्र - It has Nine chapters




         See the number of chapters in each "Charitra" (चरित्र). One, three, nine. The mystery shows as geometric progression. Thus the total of thirteen chapters having seven hundred "shlokas" constitute "Durga Saptashati" (दुर्गा सप्तशती).



       The Goddess in the form of "Mahakali" is brought in "Dhyana" in the first "Charitra". She as "Mahamaya"(महामाया) has taken God Vishnu in its spell and he is in the state of sleep. Ear wax from 'Vishnu' transform into two "Asuras" -- 'Madhu' and 'Kaitabha' and seeing 'Vishnu' sleeping they ran to kill God Brahma who was sitting on lotus flower emerging out of the navel of God Vishnu. Now Brahma prayed to Goddess "Mahamaya" and requested to break her spell over Vishnu and bring him out of sleep. Goddess being pleased by the prayer "स्तुति" of Brahma does so. God Vishnu fought for five thousand years with those "asuras". Seeing no result Goddess shows her spell over "asuras" and they being in a confused state of mind told Vishnu that they are very pleased with him and want to give him a boon whatever he asked. Vishnu said"ok, be killed by me". 'Madhu' and 'Kaitabha' saw that the whole world was submerged in water so he gave Vishnu as desired with a condition that he can only kill them where ever there is no water. Thus Vishnu took them on his thigh and cut off their heads with his "Chakra" and saved "Brahma".

   



       In the Middle "Charitra" Goddess in the form of "Mahalakshmi" is brought in "Dhyana". Goddess saves Indra and other Gods from "Mahishasur" and his army. The destroyer of "Mahishasur" and her army is named as "Mahishasurmardini" (महिषासुरमर्दिनी).



            In the Last "Charitra" ie. उत्तर चरित्र, Goddess in the form of "Mahasaraswati" is brought in "Dhyana". She had emerged out of the body of Goddess "Parvathi" when Indra and other Gods prayed her to come and save them from very powerful 'asura' kings -"Shumbha and Nishumbha". She took different forms and names to kill 'asura' kings -"Shumbha and Nishumbha" and their many commanders (Dhumralochan, Chand - Mund, Raktabeeja, etc)



          Thus Goddess " Durga" saved Gods and humans whenever they called her with full devotion. The twelfth chapter (Under "Uttar Charitra") is the details of the importance (माहात्म्य) of reading (पाठ) or hearing (श्रवण) of the "Devi Charitras". Even only hearing (श्रवण) of the twelfth chapter has many deep good effects. May it be diseases, epidemics, ill effects of different bad "Grahas" (ग्रह), fear of robbers, fear of death in different situations or anything; it keeps them away. She herself says that even in the future whenever demons grow she will come in different forms and names to save Gods and humans. Some of her names will be "Durga, Bhramri, Shakambhari, Bhima, Chamunda" etc. The last shlokas of the twelfth chapter thus say,




भवकाले नृणां सैव लक्ष्मीर्वृद्धिप्रदा गृहे।
सैवाभावे तथाSलक्ष्मीर्विनाशायोप जायते।।



स्तुता सम्पूजिता पुष्पैर्धूपगन्धादिभिस्तथा।
ददाति वित्तं पुत्रांश्च मतिं धर्मे गतिं शुभाम्।।




(During the rise of a person in materialism She is the one who comes as Lakshmi in his house and makes him rich and She is the one who in the time of scarcity comes as poorness and destroys him. 
If worshiped with flowers, incense, and perfume followed by prayer (Stuti), She gives wealth, sons, religious mind, and the best after-life.)







          In the Hindu calendar "Tithi" (Dates) of 'Ashtami' (अष्टमी - 8th), 'Navami' (नवमी -9th) and 'Chaturdashi' (चतुर्दशी -14th) are important for reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptashati" as per rules. The yearly worship done in the month of "Ashwin" of the Hindu calendar is very fruitful when done with the religious reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptashati" along with "होम" (offerings into the holy fire with 'Mantras') and feeding of 'Brahmana' (ब्राह्मण भोजन). This time of nine days (new moon day to the ninth day of the month of "Ashwin" of Hindu calendar) is also called 'Navratra' (नवरात्र). Though there are three more "Navratra" periods in the year (at an interval of three months) this yearly 'puja' is the most important. The Goddess says "whenever there is an event of worship, "होम" or 'जप', the religious reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptasati" should be done. I am very pleased with this and fulfill the desires of that person. If somebody does the religious reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptasati" as per rules (विधि पूर्वक) at the time of sacrifice of an animal (बलिपूजा), even if he knows or not the rules of it, I accept it and get pleased. I never leave the temple where daily reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptasati" is done".


             Geeta Press, Gorakhpur has done an excellent job in making available the "Durga Saptasati" book to the general public at a reasonable price. Rules of reading (पाठ) of "Durga Saptasati" have been described in it. It has also printed a list of "Saptsati Mantras" in last pages for different desires (कामना). Every devotee of Goddess must have this book.


              It is a saying in Sanskrit that "कलौ गौरी विनायकौ " (Kalau Gouri Vinayakow). It means in the "Kaliyug"(कलियुग) only 'Gouri' (गौरी -Parwathi that is "Aadishakti") and 'Vinayaka' (विनायक - Son of 'Gouri' named Ganesh) can help us and fulfill our desires (मनोकामना). These two are also members of "Panchdevata"(पंचदेवता). "Panchdevata"(पंचदेवता) are five Gods/Goddess whose worship is a must in every "Pujan". The other three Gods of "Panchdevata"(पंचदेवता) are "Shiva" (शिव), "Narayana" (नारायण), and "Surya"(सूर्य - The Sun God).


         Through the daily reading of "Durga Saptasati" as per rules (नियमपूर्वक) is time taking and not possible for everyone, even then we should pray in someway daily that is less time consuming because our worship/prayer never goes in vain (may it be short) if done with full devotion. There are many prayers printed in the book "Durga Saptasati" that are short, for example - "Saptshloki Durga"(सप्तश्लोकी दुर्गा -seven verses of 'Durga'), "Durga Ashtottar Shatnam"(दुर्गा अष्टोत्तर शतनाम -One hundred and eight names of "Durga"), "Devya Atharva Shirsh"(देव्यथर्वशीर्ष), "Ratrisukta"(रात्रिसूक्त - Prayer done by "Brahma" to Goddess in the first chapter), "Devisukta"(देवीसूक्त -Prayer by Gods to save them from "Asur" kings: Shumbha -Nishumbha"), "Durga manas puja"(दुर्गा मानस पूजा - A worship done mentally in which all the offerings are done by imagination), "Durga Dwatrinsh Nam mala"(Thirty-two names of "Durga"), etc. One can pick one or more of these for daily prayers.
"Akshmala" (अक्षमाला - a garland of small beads of "Rudraksha")


              There is also given "Durga beej mantra"(दुर्गा बीज मन्त्र) in the book which should be repeated at least 108 times with the help of "Akshmala"(अक्षमाला - a garland of small beads of "Rudraksha"). This "Mantra" is:--

"ॐ ऐं ह्रीं क्लीं चामुंडाय्यै विच्चे" 

( "aum ain hrin klin chamundayyai vichche")



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